Metal Complexes in the Bioremediation of Industrial Contaminated Soils: Mechanisms, Applications, and Challenges
Dr. K. Venkata Krishna
Assistant Professor of Chemistry, Government Degree College for Women (A), Nalgonda
55-62
Vol: 14, Issue: 3, 2024
Receiving Date:
2024-05-21
Acceptance Date:
2024-08-22
Publication Date:
2024-09-03
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http://doi.org/10.37648/ijrst.v14i03.008
Abstract
Industrial activities release heavy metals into soils. These metals stay in the ground for a long time and harm plants, microbes, and people. Bioremediation uses living organisms to clean the soil. Metal complexes play a key role. Chelating agents form stable complexes with metal ions. These complexes raise the amount of metal that plants and microbes can take up or immobilize (Nowack, 2002; Leštan et al., 2008). This review explains how metal complexes work in phytoextraction and microbial remediation. It covers synthetic agents such as EDTA and biodegradable options such as EDDS. It also describes natural ligands made by plants and bacteria. Tables compare efficiencies. Figures show structures and processes. Equations illustrate complex formation. All references date from June 2022 or earlier.
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